Page 19 - Steel Tech India eMagazine Volume April 2022

VOL. 16 • NO. 3 • April 2022

V. corex gas based Route is difficult to achieve in next 8 years.
VI. Blue hydrogen/ Grey hydrogen /Green hydrogen 5. Low Carbon Hydrogen / Carbon Neutral DRI
based Route World Scenario
From the above, it can be noticed that Indian DRI there is growing global concern about the GhG
industry uses various options for direct reducing iron emissions and need to reduce it drastically. therefore,
ore namely non coking coal, producer gas, natural many advanced countries are contemplating to opt for
gas, syn gas, corex gas, coke oven gas, Blue / Grey low carbon hydrogen based DRI / Steel production.
hydrogen/Green hydrogen etc. Most of the european nations have already declared
to be carbon neutral by 2050. china has declared that
Due to uncertainty in its price and availability, there
is a limitation to expand natural gas based capacity/ they will be carbon neutral by 2060 whereas India has
production. Syn gas based route offers another good announced a time limit of 2070.
opportunity but the capital expenditure on production of Many producers in europe have made announcements
syn gas and its transportation are currently deterrents. to scale–up hydrogen direct reduction technology which
hydrogen based technology is in the process of include ThyssenKrupp, Voestalpine and Salzgitter. It is
evolving. Beside the established technology feasibility, a matter of great satisfaction that one hybrit project
the current high price of green hydrogen is not appears has already started to use green hydrogen for the
to be attractive. production of 0.2 MtPA DRI. this project also aims to
tackle emissions all the way along the supply chain.
4. Carbon Footprints of DRI Industry
Details of the project are as under:
coal based route has higher cO emissions compared
2 Hybrit (Hydrogen Breakthrough Iron making
to other above mentioned routes. Although no authentic
study has been done to access cO emissions from the Technology) is a joint venture between Swedish
2 companies, SSAB, lKAB and Vattenfall, aiming to
coal based route but as per the available information
normally 2-3 tonnes cO /tonne of DRI is estimated. replace coal with hydrogen in steelmaking process. In
2 this process, iron metal is produced by using hydrogen
existing natural gas based route is much cleaner route.
cO emissions from this route are around 1.3 tonnes / gas as the main reductant. the production route
2 is similar to existing DR processes, except for cO
tonne of DRI. National Steel Policy 2017 has advocated 2
the need to reduce cO emissions from 3.1 tonnesto emissions. hydrogen reacts with iron oxides to form
2 water instead of carbon dioxide. In the demonstration
2.4 tonnes /tonne of steel by 2030-31. this target has
been further revised to 1.7 tonnes cO / tonne of steel project in Sweden, hydrogen will be produced by
2 electrolysis of water using fossil-free electricity.
by 2030. Indian steel Industry feels that revised target

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