Page 20 - Steel Tech India eMagazine Volume April 2023
P. 20

92/     Ć ,668(   Ć $SULO

            %RWK  WKHVH  FRPSHWLQJ  FDWHJRULHV  RI  WHFKQRORJLHs  will   ‡  7XUTXRLVH +  FDQ EH H[WUDFWHG E\ XVLQJ WKH WKHUPDO
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            have a role to play in cutting CO  HPLVVLRQV DQG ZLOO   VSOLWWLQJ RI 1DWXUDO JDV YLD PHWKDQH S\URO\VLV  7KH
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            EH  HVVHQWLDO  HQDEOHUV  RI  D  ORZ FDUERQ  VRFLHW\   7KHLU   SURFHVV  WKRXJK DW WKH H[SHULPHQWDO VWDJH  UHPRYH
            LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ DW D ODUJHU VFDOH  KRZHYHU  ZLOO UHTXLUH   WKH FDUERQ LQ D VROLG IRUP LQVWHDG RI &2  gas.
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            ODUJH TXDQWLWLHV RI DႇRUGDEOH FDUERQ IUHH +   ELRPDVV
                                                   2            ‡  3LQN +  LV JHQHUDWHG WKURXJK HOHFWURO\VLV RI ZDWHU E\
            and electricity as well as access to CO  transportation     2
                                               2                  XVLQJ HOHFWULFLW\ IURP D QXFOHDU SRZHU SODQW
            QHWZRUNV  DQG  VWRUDJH  WR  EH  UHDGLO\  DYDLODEOH   ZKLFK
            LPSOLHV  D  IXQGDPHQWDO  WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ  RI  WKH  JOREDO   ‡  :KLWH  +   UHIHUV  WR  QDWXUDOO\  RFFXUULQJ  +    DV  E\
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            HQHUJ\  V\VWHP   $OWKRXJK  WKHLU  JRDOV  DUH  VLPLODU    QDWXUH  LW LV FRORXUOHVV  1DWXUDOO\ RFFXUULQJ +  PLJKW
            DSSURDFKHV  GLႇHU   7KXV   LQ  UHJLRQV  ZLWK  DQ  H[FHVV   EH UDUHO\ IRXQG LQ XQGHUJURXQG GHSRVLWV
            RI FKHDS UHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\  WKH EHVW RSWLRQ PLJKW EH   +  3URGXFWLRQ

            HOHFWURO\VLV EDVHG +  reduction. While in regions with
                               2                                H  FDQ EH H[WUDFWHG IURP IRVVLO IXHOV DQG ELRPDVV DQG
            DFFHVV WR DPSOH &2  VWRUDJH DQG LQIUDVWUXFWXUH LW PD\   2
                               2                                ZDWHU  $URXQG    0W RI GHGLFDWHG +  were produced in
            EH WKDW QDWXUDO JDV  1*  EDVHG +  or carbon capture                                2
                                           2                         JOREDOO\       IURP 1* DQG DOPRVW DOO WKH UHVW
            DQG VWRUDJH ZRXOG PDNH PRUH VHQVH  ,Q RWKHU DUHDV          IURP FRDO  ,Q       OHVV WKDQ       RI GHGLFDWHG
            K\EULGV RU HQWLUHO\ GLႇHUHQW DSSURDFKHV FRXOG EH WDNHQ
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            'LIIHUHQW &RORXUV RI +
                                                                  DQ HOHFWURFKHPLFDO SURFHVV WKDW VSOLWV ZDWHU LQWR +
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            H  JDV LV YHU\ OLJKW DQG D FOHDQ IXHO  +   XQOLNH IRVVLO   and O    DQG WKH +  SURGXFHG E\ WKLV PHDQV LV PRVWO\
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            IXHOV  LV PDLQO\ XVHG DV DQ HQHUJ\ FDUULHU WKDW FDQ EH   XVHG LQ PDUNHWV ZKHUH KLJK SXULW\ +  LV QHFHVVDU\  IRU
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            RI HQHUJ\ DQG D VLJQL¿FDQW SDUW RI ZKLFK HQHUJ\ JHWV   WKH UHPDLQGHU RI WKH GHGLFDWHG SURGXFWLRQ
            UHOHDVHG ZKHQ LW LV FRPEXVWHG  -XVW OLNH WKH HOHFWULFLW\   5HIRUPLQJ LV WKH PRVW ZLGHVSUHDG PHWKRG IRU SURGXFLQJ
             DQRWKHU HQHUJ\ FDUULHU   LV GXEEHG VRODU SRZHU  ZLQG   H   7KHUH DUH   PHWKRGV RI UHIRUPLQJ  VWHDP UHIRUPLQJ
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            SRZHU   WKHUPDO  SRZHU   QXFOHDU  SRZHU   UHQHZDEOH    XVLQJ ZDWHU DV DQ R[LGDQW DQG D VRXUFH RI +    SDUWLDO
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            HOHFWULFLW\ HWF  GHSHQGLQJ XSRQ LWV SURGXFWLRQ SURFHVV    R[LGDWLRQ  XVLQJ R[\JHQ LQ WKH DLU DV WKH R[LGDQW   RU
            H   LV  JLYHQ  YDULRXV  FRORXUHG  QDPHV  GHSHQGLQJ  XSRQ
              2                                                 D  FRPELQDWLRQ  RI  ERWK  FDOOHG  DXWRWKHUPDO  UHIRUPLQJ
            how it is produced [2].
                                                                6WHDP UHIRUPLQJ LV XVHG WR H[WUDFW +  IURP 1*  ZKLOH
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            ‡  *UHHQ  +   is  produced  through  water  electrolysis   partial oxidation is used to extract H  IURP KHDY\ IXHO RLO
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               SURFHVV E\ HPSOR\LQJ UHQHZDEOH HOHFWULFLW\ VRXUFHV    DQG FRDO  ,Q DOO FDVHV  D V\QWKHVLV JDV PRVWO\ PDGH RI
               such as wind or solar. The reason it is called green is   CO and H  LV IRUPHG DQG WKHQ FRQYHUWHG WR +  and CO ,
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               that there is no CO  HPLVVLRQ GXULQJ WKH SURGXFWLRQ   LI SXUH +  LV WKH PDLQ SURGXFW  2WKHU SURFHVVHV LQFOXGH
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               process.                                         JDVL¿FDWLRQ   ZKHUH  WKH  UDZ  PDWHULDO   VXFK  DV  FRDO  RU
            ‡  %OXH  +   LV  VRXUFHG  IURP  IRVVLO  IXHOV  OLNH  1*   WR   ELRPDVV  LV FRQYHUWHG LQWR D V\QWKHVLV JDV WKDW LV WKHQ
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               split  NG  into  H   and  CO ,  and  the  CO2  that  gets   WUDQVIRUPHG LQWR +  and CO   DQG HOHFWURO\VLV  7KRXJK
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               produced  is  captured  and  stored  underground   NQRZQ IRU D ORQJ WLPH  HOHFWURO\VLV FXUUHQWO\ DFFRXQWV
                FDUERQ  VHTXHVWUDWLRQ   RU  XWLOLVHG   FDOOHG  FDUERQ   IRU     RI JOREDO +  SURGXFWLRQ  PRVWO\ LQ WKH FKORU DONDOL
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               FDSWXUH  XWLOLVDWLRQ DQG VWRUDJH  &&86           industry where H  LV D E\ SURGXFW
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            ‡  *UH\  +   LV  SURGXFHG  IURP  +  ULFK  IRVVLO  IXHOV  OLNH   7KH  GHSHQGHQFH  RQ  1*  DQG  FRDO  PHDQV  WKDW  +
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               1*  LQ D VLPLODU SURFHVV WR EOXH +   WR VSOLW 1* LQWR   SURGXFWLRQ WRGD\ JHQHUDWHV VLJQL¿FDQW &2  HPLVVLRQV
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               H   and  CO .    But  the  CO   is  not  captured  and  is   10 t CO  / t H  IURP 1*     W &2  / t H  IURP RLO SURGXFWV
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               UHOHDVHG LQWR WKH DWPRVSKHUH                     DQG    W &2  / t H  IURP FRDO  0RVW RI WKLV &2  LV HPLWWHG
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            ‡  %ODFN  RU  EURZQ  +   is  produced  through  coal   WR WKH DWPRVSKHUH  DOWKRXJK LQ DPPRQLD   XUHD SODQWV
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               JDVL¿FDWLRQ SURFHVV  7KH EODFN DQG EURZQ FRORXUV   the  concentrated  CO   VWUHDPV  IURP  VWHDP  PHWKDQH
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               UHIHU  WR  WKH  W\SH  ELWXPLQRXV   EODFN   DQG  OLJQLWH   UHIRUPLQJ DUH FDSWXUHG DQG XVHG LQ WKH SURGXFWLRQ RI
                EURZQ   FRDO   &2   DQG  &2  DUH  SURGXFHG  DV  E\   XUHD IHUWLOLVHU  $ W\SLFDO +  production route is given in
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               products and UHOHDVHG WR WKH DWPRVSKHUH          Fig. 2 [3].


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